Archive

Autumn 2017, Vol. 25 No. 3

Hong Kong J. Dermatol. Venereol. (2017) 25, 115-121

Review Article

Calprotectin functions in the skin: an overview

鈣衛蛋白在皮膚中的功能之概述

Abstract

S100A8/A9 is a heterodimer of calcium-binding proteins that displays a broad range of cell-type-dependent functions. It enhances the innate immunity through Toll-like receptor 4, the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (AGE), or by promoting the release of inflammatory cytokines. It is highly expressed during all phases of wound healing, coordinating the healing processes in different cell types. As an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), it attacks the bacteria directly by arresting their growth through sequestration of manganese and zinc inside the bacterial cells. S100A8/A9 overexpression suppresses keratinocyte proliferation and promotes their differentiation. This leads to a form of immune reservoir against UV-induced carcinogenesis, where S100A8/A9 is overexpressed. Pathway interactions of S100A8/A9 in different skin diseases are still to be investigated.

S100A8 / A9蛋白是一種鈣結合蛋白的異二聚體，顯示出廣泛的細胞依賴型功能。它通過第四型類鐸受體（晚期糖基化終產物的受體）或通過促進炎性細胞因子的釋放來增強先天免疫力。在傷口癒合的所有階段它都高度表達，以協調不同細胞類型的癒合過程。作為抗微生物肽，它通過在細菌細胞內隔離錳（Mn²⁺）和鋅（Zn²⁺）來直接中止細菌的生長。S100A8 / A9蛋白的超量表達會抑制角質細胞增殖並促進其分化；這促成一種免疫儲備的模式來抵抗紫外線誘發的癌變，需要時S100A8 / A9蛋白便會超量表達。S100A8 / A9蛋白在不同皮膚疾病中的相互作用通路，仍有待研究。

Keywords: AMPs, calprotectin, inflammatory skin diseases, keratinocyte proliferation, S100A8/A9

關鍵詞: 抗微生物肽、鈣衛蛋白、炎症性皮膚病、角質細胞增殖、S100A8 / A9蛋白